![]() ![]() Both British and American speakers sometimes use the glottal stop (a momentary tight closure of the vocal cords) for the /t/ in words like football /ˈfʊtbɔːl/ and button /ˈbʌtn/. It is widely used by American speakers when the /t/ is between two vowels and the second vowel is not stressed, as in writer. The tap sound is very much like the /d/ in rider. In addition to, the /t/ phoneme also contains tap and glottal stop sounds, which are used in certain contexts. This narrow transcription is useful for representing pronunciations or sounds that are not British or American, for example the East African pronunciation given at boma.Īllophones can be demonstrated by looking at the /t/ phoneme. If followed by a consonant sound it can be pronounced as /ə/, and the sequence /uə/ can be pronounced /wə/, as in actual /ˈæktʃuəl, ˈæktʃwəl/.įurther information about a pronunciation may be given in square brackets, referring more specifically to sounds on the IPA chart. In the same way /u/ represents a weak vowel between /uː/ and /ʊ/. The sequence /iə/ can be pronounced /jə/, so union can be /ˈjuːniən/ or /ˈjuːnjən/. i/ represents a weak vowel that can be sounded either as /iː/ or /ɪ/ or a compromise between them. Some variant pronunciations are represented by the special use of /i/ and /u/ For these words there is some variation between /ɔː/ and /ɑː/ among speakers of American English, but only one such pronunciation is given. For example, the transcriptions make clear that the vowel /ɒ/ occurs only in British English, with American pronunciations usually having /ɔː/ or /ɑː/ instead. The broad approach to transcription is accompanied by a selective approach to variant pronunciations. The more advanced learner will understand that these symbols (phonemes) represent groups of related English sounds (allophones), and that the choice of symbols is guided by a long tradition of teaching and representing English pronunciation in this way. If the symbols are treated simply as sounds the speaker will be clearly understood - words such as cap /kæp/ and cup /kʌp/ will not be confused. This means that symbols from the International Phonetic Alphabet are used to represent the sounds and features that distinguish one word from another in English. Pronunciations given between slashes /ˌlaɪk ˈðɪs/ are transcribed broadly, using a phonemic system. They enable clear communication, are not old-fashioned or strongly regional, and are acceptable in formal and informal situations. These models represent accents that are widely taught and easily recognized as British or American. Send us feedback about these examples.The pronunciations given are those of younger speakers of ‘mainstream’ or ‘unmarked’ Received Pronunciation (British English) and ‘General’ or ‘Network’ American (American English). These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'babushka.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. 2021 Retro kerchiefs appeared at Conner Ives and Anna Sui, while Paco Rabanne imagined a cozier take: A faux fur babushka. ![]() 2022 The babushka-wearing elderly women sweeping the vast square early every morning used bunches of twigs tied to short broomsticks. NBC News, The look is finished off with a silk scarf tied around her head like a babushka, gigantic sunglasses, and a Dior tote with her name embroidered onto it. 2022 The Ukrainian babushka waited for a departing train headed east. 2022 In some villages, babushkas lay down in the roads blocking Ukrainian tanks, officers said, and in one, an especially cunning babushka kept stealing the soldiers’ helmets. Recent Examples on the Web Still unclear is why an apparently healthy teenaged girl ingested trimetazidine, a drug meant to treat angina that customarily would be used by a babushka with a bum ticker. ![]()
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